Oyster "Blood" Holds Promise In Battling Drug-Resistant Superbugs

Superbugs resistant to existing antibiotics are a growing global health concern.

Oysters have evolved strong immune defenses.

Nearly five million people die from antimicrobial-resistant infections annually, and the yearly toll is expected to rise by 70%, leading to an estimated 40 million deaths between now and 2050, The Conversation reported.

In new research published today in PLOS ONE, scientists demonstrated that antimicrobial proteins isolated from oyster hemolymph (the equivalent of blood) can kill certain bacteria responsible for a range of infections.

These proteins can also enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics against problematic bacterial species.

The study was conducted by Kate Summer, a postdoctoral research fellow at Southern Cross University, and Professor Kirsten Benkendorff of the National Marine Science Center at Southern Cross University.

More than 90% of antibiotics used today are derived from natural sources, and over 65% of antibiotics currently under development also come from nature.

Oysters, which are constantly exposed to high concentrations of diverse microorganisms in their marine environment, have evolved strong immune defenses. They rely heavily on antimicrobial proteins and peptides in their hemolymph to protect against infections.

Research over the past decades has shown that oyster hemolymph contains antiviral and antibacterial proteins and peptides effective against a variety of human and marine pathogens.

These proteins and peptides disrupt bacterial cell membranes, making it easier for conventional antibiotics to reach their targets. Many also boost the host's immune system, enhancing the overall effectiveness of treatment.